Indonesian Coal and Coke Imports 2020. Vol 127

Introduction

The Indonesian Bureau of Statistics is to be congratulated upon their web site, wherein much data on imports of various coal products can be downloaded, along with numerous publications. The following article seeks to bring to the readers attention some of the data on Indonesian coal imports, and provides some passing reflections of this 2020 data. Indonesia imported around 10 million ton of coal and coke for a value of more than US$ 1 billion.

Indonesian Bureau of Statistice.

Statistics are compiled based on the Import Declaration Form (Pemberitahuan Impor Barang

(PIB-BC 2.0), Pemberitahuan Pengangkutan Barang Impor (PPBI-BC 2.3), Pemberitahuan

Impor Barang Khusus (PIBK-BC 2.1), and Pemberitahuan Pabean Free Trade Zone (PPFTZ)

of Import documents that are filled out by importers.  The systems of recording Foreign Trade Statistics apply the General Trade System or the Special Trade System. In the General Trade System, the Bonded Zone is regarded as “Domestic”. In the statistical recording of imports includes the re-imported goods, which are separately coded. The classification of goods applies the 2017 Indonesian Custom Tariff Classification, based on fourth amendment from World Customs Organization (WCO) as an International Organization who arranged the Classification of Harmonized System (HS). Besides applying the HS, the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) Revised 4 is also applied in the classification of goods.

Values of imports appear to be CIF basis.

Table 1. 2020 Indonesia coal and coke imports.

Bureau Statistics code (ISTC)	Item	Import Tons 2020	Value Import tons 2020 US$
32	Coal, coke, and briquettes	8,950,566	1,090,240,777
321	Coals, Pulverized or Not	121,959	902,657,708
325	Coke And Semi Coke of Coal/lignite/peat	941,226	187,328,804
TOTAL
ISC Bonded Zone
32	Coal, coke, and briquettes	1,347,348	213,839,243
321	Coals, Pulverized or Not	976,372	138,798,273
325	Coke And Semi Coke of Coal/lignite/peat	370,975	75,040,970
TOTAL

Table 2. 2019 & 2020 coal and coke imports.

Bureau Statistics code (HS)	Item	Import Tons 2019	Import Tons 2020	Value Import tons 2020 US$
27011100	Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, anthracite	918,535	1,508,316	229,795,790
27011210	Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, bituminous coal, coking coal	5,379,428	5,630,281	599,697,727
27011290	Other coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, bituminous coal	328,531	526,039	43,362,756
27011900	Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, other coal	142,844	344,152	29,801,435
TOTAL		6,769,339	8,008,788	942,856,273
27012000	Briquettes, ovoids & similar solid fuels manufactured from coal	28	3.2	7,863
27040010	Coke & semicoke of coal	617,135	936,317	186,098,727
27040020	Coke & semicoke of lignite or of peat	426	211	258,449
TOTAL		617,589	936,531	186,365,039

Source Indonesian Bureau of Statistics web site. https://www.bps.go.id/

Most commercial shipments of coal appear to be in Handy size vessels of 20 – 35,000 ton, including some smaller shipments suggesting Handy size offloading at multiple ports. Other imports of a few hundred kilograms may represent umpire samples from Indonesian coal exports from around the world. Numerous smaller coal imports, typically of 1 to 10 kilograms, may reflect samples for research, laboratory round-robin controls, or overseas exploration coal core for assay. Such very small samples typically arrive via air freight.

Table 3. Coal import ports.

Import port site 2020.	[27011100] Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, anthracite	[27011210] Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated ,bituminous coal ,coking coal	[27011290] Other coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated ,bituminous coal	[27011900] Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated ,other coal	[27012000] Briquettes, ovoids & similar solid fuels manufactured from coal	[27040010] Coke & semicoke of coal	[27040020] Coke & semicoke of lignite or of peat
	Ton	Ton	Ton	Ton	Ton	Ton	Ton
Achmad Yani (u)					0.001
Badas Sumbawa	7,300.000
Batu Ampar	0.216
Belawan	223.449					352.000
Cigading	128,470.000	2,611,912.000
Ciwandan		81,185.000
Jababeka			0.008
Juanda (u) Surabaya					0.002
Kendari	453,350.000	1,445,509.211				5,490.038
Kijang	29.000
Kolonodale	411,133.935	428,519.240				304,665.589
Lubuk Uki			199,794.985
Manokwari			108,168.300			22,210.920
Makassar
Morowali	356,887.000	824,356.278		27,200.000		260,497.000
Musi river /Boom Baru				7,497.470
Obi Island		51,252.000	217,327.000	162,498.000		136,658.241
Pangkal Balam	6,689.240
Pekan Baru	18.087		5,000.000
Probolinggo		115,975.000
Sepinggan (u)
Soekarno Hatta (u)	0.021	0.531	0.137	1.027	0.010		0.003
Tanjung Emas	20.000		0.442	1.220	0.086	0.082
Tanjung Pandan	2,195.280			14.000		4,290.387
Tanjung Perak	4,783.302
Tanjung Priok	140.154					9,016.516	211.321
Tanjung Selor			744.000	1,920.707	3.196	29,497.671
Wolter Monginsidi	87,558.000	71,571.500		145,020.400
Weda	49,518.470					3,523.404

Coal Imports from source countries.

Coal and related products were imported from Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Canada, China, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Iraq, Malaysia, Japan, Latvia, New Zealand, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States of America, Viet Nam.

The Bureau of Statistics lists importing countries top 5 commodities. In 2020, Australia’s top export to Indonesia was coal, with 5,806,374 tons imported into Indonesia with a value of US$ 610,933,672 CIF, with an average coal price delivered of US$ 105.21 /ton. This represents 13.1 % of total imports from Australia’s of US$ 4,646,556. Russia’s third largest export to Indonesia was 1,386,606 ton of coal with a value of US$ 159,228,522 CIF giving an average coal price of US$ 114.83 / ton, and represents 16.6 % of total imports from Russia of US$ 957,885. Similar statistics from China are not readily available from the Burau of Statistics reflecting that coal was not a top 5 commodity exported to Indonesia. 

The Bureau of Statistics provided detailed monthly records of imports from each country with tons, value and destination port.

Table 4. Value of coal imports from some major sources.

Import port site	[27011100] Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated, anthracite	[27011210] Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated ,bituminous coal ,coking coal	[27011290] Other coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated ,bituminous coal	[27011900] Coal, whether or not pulverised, but not agglomerated ,other coal	[27012000] Briquettes, ovoids & similar solid fuels manufactured from coal	[27040010] Coke & semicoke of coal	[27040020] Coke & semicoke of lignite or of peat
Australia Ton	229,001	4,917,384	525,290	134,698	<1	0	0
Australia US$	28,280,467	528,605,219	43,045,715	11,002,271
Australian $/T	123.49	107.50	81.94	81.68
Russia Ton	560,398	681,188	No data	145,020	<1	476	0
Russia US$	79,510,211	66,371,465		13,346,846		114,693
Russia $/T	141.88	97.43	92.03	92.03		240.96
China Ton	587,537	No data	<1	55,125	<1	863,024	211
China US$	97,980,121			4,487,703		170,606,134	258,441
China $/T	166.76			81.41		197.68	1,224.83

It is assumed the value of coal imports can vary with fluctuating coal price, freight and discharging (CIF) over time, and with changes in coal quality specifications.

Conclusion.

A much closer look at the data may open a light into other influences on coal imported into Indonesia.

The opportunity for Indonesia to make more coke in country may reduce the importation of coke, and the development of Indonesian coals with quality matching the imports could be further promoted.

Indonesia’s two way trade in coal with Australia, and with China, is a positive trend for each country.